The Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Efficacy of Citrullus lanatus Rind Ethanol Extract Against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Wilbert Alvin Genesis Cokro, Priska Natassya, Sheila Soesanto

Abstract


Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) rind contains secondary metabolite compounds which exhibit antimicrobial effects against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans can cause tissue damage and bone resorption, leading to aggressive periodontitis. Chlorhexidine as golden standard antimicrobial mouthwash can cause tooth staining. There is a need for herbal remedies with fewer side effects as an alternative treatment for periodontitis. This study aims to determine the antibacterial and antibiofilm efficacy of C. lanatus rind ethanol extract against A. actinomycetemcomitans. This is an experimental laboratory in vitro with a post-test-only control group design. The antibacterial test was conducted using the plate count method and the antibiofilm test using the microtiter plate biofilm assay method. The samples used were ethanol extract of C. lanatus rind 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 100%, chlorhexidine 0.2% as positive control, distilled water, and BHI-B as negative control. As a result, extract concentrations from 12.5% to 100% exhibited antibacterial effects on A. actinomycetemcomitans equivalent to chlorhexidine. During the 3-hour incubation period, extract at 25% and 100% concentrations on all incubation times showed a better antibiofilm effect than chlorhexidine. It can be concluded that ethanol extract of C. lanatus rind had the potential as an alternative antibiofilm agent against A. actinomycetemcomitans.

Keywords


Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; antibacterial; antibiofilm; ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rind; herbal medicine

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2024.132.367-372

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Copyright (c) 2024 Wilbert Alvin Genesis Cokro, Priska Natassya, Sheila Soesanto



Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
ISSN 2089-6514 (paper) - ISSN 2540-9328 (online)
Published by Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity.

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