Phytochemical, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of Strophanthus sarmentosus DC

Julius Leke Abiola, Olapeju Oluyemisi Aiyelaagbe

Abstract


Strophanthus sarmentosus DC is used traditionally in the management of snake-bite, arthritis, eye infection, rheumatism, emetic and venereal diseases. Freshly collected mature Strophanthus sarmentosus plant parts were air-dried at room temperature. Each of the plant parts (leaf, stem and roots) was successively extracted by cold extraction method using hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol respectively. The crude extracts were subjected to phytochemical, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity analysis by employing chemical tests, agar diffusion and brine shrimps methods.

The phytochemical screening showed the presence of tannins, saponins, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, terpenoids and carbohydrates in all the extracts. The extracts demonstrated broad spectrum activities against both gram- positive and gram-negative bacteria and the fungi tested. The MIC and MMC of ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the S. sarmentosus (stem) is between 0.3 and 5.0 mg/mL. The cytotoxic activity (LC50) of the S. sarmentosus extracts (leaf, stem and root) ranged between 117 g/mL and 270 g/mL, showing that the extracts are within the medium toxic level according to Clarksons toxicity index.


Keywords


Antimicrobial activity, Cytotoxic activity, Strophanthus sarmentos DC, Apocyanaceae, phytochemicals,

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.119-126

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Copyright (c) 2023 Julius Leke Abiola, Olapeju Oluyemisi Aiyelaagbe



Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
ISSN 2089-6514 (paper) - ISSN 2540-9328 (online)
Published by Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity.

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