Co-Existent Hypertension with Diabetes Mellitus Exacerbates Renal Dysfunctions

Eruore Amalaka Obore, Jerome Ndudi Asiwe, Vincent I Iyawe, Andrew E. Edo

Abstract


Hypertension as well as diabetes mellitus has been reported to be a major risk factor for deteriorating kidney functions. However, there is paucity of reports on renal functions in a co-existence of hypertension and diabetic condition, hence, this study evaluates renal functions in hypertensive and diabetic co-morbidity. Participants were categorised into healthy, hypertension, diabetes and hypertension with diabetes group. Blood pressure was measured as well as fasting blood glucose and blood samples were collected from each participant to assay renal function indices. The results showed that there was substantial uraemia as well as a significant reduction glomerular filtration rate in co-morbid hypertension and diabetic patients. Fasting blood glucose and mean arterial blood pressure were considerably elevated while creatinine concentration was not significantly altered in comorbid hypertension and diabetic patients. This study revealed that co-existence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus exacerbated renal dysfunction comparatively to hypertension and diabetes mellitus.

Keywords


Hypertension; Diabetes mellitus; Renal functions; co-morbidity; Uraemia

Full Text:

PDF

References


Akalu, Y, Belsti, Y, (2020). Hypertension and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at Debre Tabor general hospital, northwest Ethiopia. Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy, 13, 1621.

Akdis, C. A. (2021). Does the epithelial barrier hypothesis explain the increase in allergy, autoimmunity and other chronic conditions?. Nature Reviews Immunology, 21(11), 739-751.

Asiwe JN, Asiwe N, Onuh JE., (2021a). The Effect of High Dietary Salt Consumption on Renal Function in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rats. Int J Nutr Sci. 2021;6(4):201-207. doi: 10.30476/IJNS.2021.92685.1153.

Asiwe, J.N, Anachuna, K.K, Moke, E.G, Sanusi, K.O, Okonofua, D.E, Omeru, O., Fasanmade, A.A, (2021b). High dietary salt intake alleviates fasting blood glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats. Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 45 (3): 172-177.

Balwan, W. K., and Kour, S. (2021). A Systematic Review of Hypertension and Stress-The Silent Killers. Sch Acad J Biosci, 6, 150-154.

Byrne, C.D. and Targher, G., (2020). NAFLD as a driver of chronic kidney disease. Journal of hepatology, 72(4); 785-801.

Cao, W., Chen, H. D., Yu, Y. W., Li, N., and Chen, W. Q. (2021). Changing profiles of cancer burden worldwide and in China: a secondary analysis of the global cancer statistics 2020. Chinese Medical Journal, 134(07), 783-791.

Cardoso, C. R., Leite, N. C., and Salles, G. F. (2020). Prognostic importance of visit-to-visit blood pressure variability for micro-and macrovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Rio de Janeiro Type 2 Diabetes Cohort Study. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 19(1), 1-13.

Cheesbrough, M. (2005). District laboratory practice in tropical countries, part 2. Cambridge university press.

Cheng, H. T., Xu, X., Lim, P. S., and Hung, K. Y. (2021). Worldwide epidemiology of diabetes-related end-stage renal disease, 2000–2015. Diabetes Care, 44(1), 89-97.

Cockcroft, D. W., and Gault, H. (1976). Prediction of creatinine clearance from plasma creatinine. Nephron, 16(1), 31-41.

Copur, S., Siriopol, D., Afsar, B., Comert, M.C., Uzunkopru, G., Sag, A.A., Ortiz, A., Covic, A., van Raalte, D.H., Cherney, D.Z. and Rossing, P., (2021). Plasma glycated albumin predicts all-cause mortality in dialysis patients with diabetes mellitus: meta-analysis and systematic review of a predictive biomarker. Acta Diabetologica, 58(1); 81-91.

Edeogu, J. U., Alikor, C. A., Nwafor, C. E., and Akpa, M. R. (2020). Prevalence and Types of Left Ventricular Dysfunction in People Living with both Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension attending University of Port-Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State, Nigeria. The Journal of Medical Research, 6(1), 15-19.

Galicia-Garcia, U., Benito-Vicente, A., Jebari, S., Larrea-Sebal, A., Siddiqi, H., Uribe, K.B., Ostolaza, H. and Martín, C., (2020). Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(17); 6275.

Gonzalez-Gil, A. M., and Elizondo-Montemayor, L. (2020). The role of exercise in the interplay between myokines, hepatokines, osteokines, adipokines, and modulation of inflammation for energy substrate redistribution and fat mass loss: A review. Nutrients, 12(6), 1899.

Gupta, S., Kakkar, V., Ahmed, S., Khanday, F. A., Sharma, S., Singh, S., and Yoon, B. (2021). Modeling of On-Chip Biosensor for the in Vivo Diagnosis of Hypertension in Wireless Body Area Networks. IEEE Access, 9, 95072-95082.

Ibitoba, F. A., Akpor, O. A., and Akpor, O. B. (2022). Prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease among commercial motorcyclists in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Scientific African, 16, e01136.

Maiga, Y., Diallo, S., Konipo, F.D.N., Sangho, O., Sangaré, M., Diallo, S.H., Mahamadou, S., Péréon, Y., Giumelli, B., Coulibaly, A. and Daou, M., (2020). Diabetic polyneuropathy with/out neuropathic pain in Mali: A cross-sectional study in two reference diabetes treatment centers in Bamako (Mali), Western Africa. PLoS One, 15(11); e0241387.

Mantovani, A., Turino, T., Lando, M.G., Gjini, K., Byrne, C.D., Zusi, C., Ravaioli, F., Colecchia, A., Maffeis, C., Salvagno, G. and Lippi, G., (2020). Screening for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease using liver stiffness measurement and its association with chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes & Metabolism, 46(4); 296-303.

Okaka, E. I., Adejumo, O. A., and Akinbodewa, A. A. (2020). Late referral and associated factors among chronic kidney disease outpatients in Southern Nigeria. Annals of African Medicine, 19(1), 47.

Okonofua, D.E, Asiwe, J.N, Anachuna, K.K, Moke, E.G, Sanusi, K.O Adagbada, E.O, Yusuf, M.O, Alawode, D.I, Fasanmade, A.A, (2021). Effect of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension on Osmotic Fragility and Hemorheological Factors in Male Wistar Rats. Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry 10 (2): 73-79.

Owen, J. A., Iggo, B., Scandrett, F. J., Stewart, C. P. (1954). The determination of creatinine in plasma or plasma, and in urine; a critical examination. Biochemical Journal, 58(3), 426.

Palaiodimos, L., Kokkinidis, D.G., Li, W., Karamanis, D., Ognibene, J., Arora, S., Southern, W.N. and Mantzoros, C.S., (2020). Severe obesity, increasing age and male sex are independently associated with worse in-hospital outcomes, and higher in-hospital mortality, in a cohort of patients with COVID-19 in the Bronx, New York. Metabolism, 108, 154262.

Panula, T., Koivisto, T., Pänkäälä, M., Niiranen, T., Kantola, I. and Kaisti, M., (2020). An instrument for measuring blood pressure and assessing cardiovascular health from the fingertip. Biosensors and Bioelectronics, 167, 112483.

Preguiça, I., Alves, A., Nunes, S., Gomes, P., Fernandes, R., Viana, S. D., and Reis, F. (2020). Diet-induced rodent models of diabetic peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy. Nutrients, 12(1), 250.

Sanusi, K.O, Asiwe, J.N, Adagbada, E.O, Yusuf, M.O, Okonofua, D.E, Alawode, D.I Fasanmade, A.A, (2020). Co-administration of prazosin and propranolol with glibenclamide improves anti-oxidant defense system in endothelial tissue of streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology. 2020; 20190307(ahead of print).

Tinti, F., Lai, S., Noce, A., Rotondi, S., Marrone, G., Mazzaferro, S., Di Daniele, N. and Mitterhofer, A.P., (2021). Chronic kidney disease as a systemic inflammatory syndrome: update on mechanisms involved and potential treatment. Life, 11(5); 419.

World Health Organization. (2006). Prevention of blindness from diabetes mellitus: report of a WHO consultation in Geneva, Switzerland, 9-11 November 2005. World Health Organization.

Zheutlin, A.R., Derington, C.G., King, J.B., Berchie, R.O., Herrick, J.S., Dixon, D.L., Cohen, J.B., Shimbo, D., Kronish, I.M., Saseen, J.J. and Muntner, P., (2022). Factors associated with antihypertensive monotherapy among US adults with treated hypertension and uncontrolled blood pressure overall and by race/ethnicity, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2018. American Heart Journal, 248; 150-159.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2022.112.145-150

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Copyright (c) 2022 Eruore Amalaka Obore, Jerome Ndudi Asiwe, Vincent I. Iyawe, Andrew E. Edo



Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
ISSN 2089-6514 (paper) - ISSN 2540-9328 (online)
Published by Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity.

CC BY NC
This work is licensed under a CC BY-NC