Effect of Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertension on Osmotic Fragility and Hemorheological Factors in Male Wistar Rats

David Ehikhuemen Okonofua, Jerome Ndudi Asiwe, Kenneth Kelechi Anachuna, Emuesiri Goodies Moke, Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi, Ebunoluwa Oluwabusola Adagbada, Mariam Onono Yusuf, Damilola Ifeoluwa Alawode, Adesoji Adedipe Fasanmade

Abstract


Diabetes mellitus is a common risk factor for erythrocyte osmotic stress. This study was aimed at exploring the effect of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus and salt-induced hypertension on osmotic fragility and hemorheological variables in male Wistar rats. Thirty male rats were grouped into five groups of six animals each as follows: negative control (zero salt in diet); positive control (normal salt diet - 0.3% salt); high salt diet (8% salt) (HSD only); STZ induced diabetes and normal salt diet (STZ only); STZ induced diabetes and high salt diet (STZ + HSD). At the end of a 4 weeks period, hematological variables, osmotic fragility, rheology and cardiovascular responses were assessed. There was an increase (p<0.05) in the mean arterial pressure and heart rate of HSD, STZ and HSD + STZ groups indicating a salt induced hypertension. There was a decrease in the body weight of STZ and HSD +STZ groups. There was significant increase (p<0.05) in the haematocrit, platelets estimates and fibrinogen concentrations in the experimental groups when compared with the controls. The STZ and STZ + HSD groups showed a reduced clotting time which corresponded to the increased platelet estimates and fibrinogen concentration. The increase in haematocrit, platelet and plasma protein resulted in the increased blood viscosity and a decreased flow rate. The osmotic fragility test was also observed to be increased (p<0.05) in HSD, STZ only and STZ + HSD groups. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension increase the rate of hemolysis of erythrocyte, as well as increase blood viscosity.

Keywords


diabetes mellitus; hemorheology; high salt diet; hypertension; viscosity

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2021.102.73-79

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Copyright (c) 2021 David Ehikhuemen Okonofua, Jerome Ndudi Asiwe, Kenneth Kelechi Anachuna, Emuesiri Goodies Moke, Kamaldeen Olalekan Sanusi, Ebunoluwa Oluwabusola Adagbada, Mariam Onono Yusuf, Damilola Ifeoluwa Alawode, Adesoji Adedipe Fasanmade



Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
ISSN 2089-6514 (paper) - ISSN 2540-9328 (online)
Published by Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity.

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