Email this article 
Nutritional, Phytochemical and Biological Profile of Pavetta corymbosa (Rubiaceae)
Abstract
P. corymbosa is traditionally known for its effectiveness in combating microbes, healing wounds, reducing fever, and treating respiratory disorders. This study investigated the bioactive constituents of P. corymbosa leaf hexane-acetone (PLHA) extract and assessed its nutritional and biological potentials. Proximate compositions were determined using standard methods. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to identify and characterise the bioactive compounds present. FRAP and DPPH radical scavenging assays were employed for antioxidant activity. Brine shrimps lethality test using Artemia salina was utilised for cytotoxicity determination. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using agar well diffusion and broth micro-dilution techniques. Proximate analysis revealed that PLHA extract contains moisture, crude protein, crude fibre, fat, carbohydrate, and ash contents of 7.98±0.17, 13.13±0.05, 19.28±0.37, 2.46±0.06, 45.96±0.22, and 11.12±0.14%, respectively. The major constituents were Ethanone, 1-cyclopentyl- (28.23%); Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ester (21.08%); and n-Hexadecanoic acid (10.43%). PLHA extract (194.7346±0.575 µg/mL) had potent antioxidant activity comparable with ascorbic acid (137.6409±0.378 µg/mL). PLHA extract was active against S. aureus, K. pneumonia, C. albicans and A. salina. This study suggests that P. corymbosa is rich in bioactive compounds with nutritional benefits, and revealed promising antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity potentials which can be leveraged for health-promoting applications.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Ahmadu, A. A., Agunu, A., & Magiatis, P. (2011). Triterpenoids and flavonoids from Pavetta corymbosa. Planta medica, 77(12), 24. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0031-1282508
Aliyu, A. B., Ibrahim, M. A., Ibrahim, H., Dambatta, M. B., & Oyewale, A. O. (2017). GC-MS analysis of Pavetta corymbosa lipophilic extract and its antimicrobial activity. Ife Journal of Science, 19(2), 363-368. https://doi.org/10.4314/ijs.v19i2.16
Al-Madhagy, S. A., El-Hawary, S. S., Sabry, O. M., Gad, S. S., & Mostafa, E. S. (2022). Therapeutic Potential of Pavetta L. Genus: An Updated Review of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicological Aspects. Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 65(132), 1023-1043. https://doi.org/10.21608/ejchem.2022.141268.6183
Anago, E., Lagnika, L., Gbenou, J., Loko, F., Moudachirou, M., & Sanni, A. (2011). Antibacterial activity and phytochemical study of six medicinal plants used in Benin. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences: PJBS, 14(7), 449-455. https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2011.449.455
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) (2006). American Journal of Food Science and Technology 15th ed., Washington DC, USA
Chaachouay, N., & Zidane, L. (2024). Plant-derived natural products: a source for drug discovery and development. Drugs and Drug Candidates, 3(1), 184-207. https://doi.org/10.3390/ddc3010011
Duke, J. A. (2016). Dr. Duke’s Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases – USDA. https://phytochem.nal.usda.gov/phytochem/search. pp. 1
Ibekwe, N. N., Bello, J. A., Abdulkarim, M., & Tarfa, F. D. (2022). Comparative phytochemical, physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of the leaf, fruit, stem bark and root of Pavetta crassipes (K. Schum). African Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 14(2), 87-95.
Kocienski, P. (2016). Synthesis of ACT-334441. Synfacts, 12(12), 1224. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1589412
Meyer, B. N., Ferrigni, N. R., Putnam, J. E., Jacobsen, L. B., Nichols, D. E. J., & McLaughlin, J. L. (1982). Brine shrimp: a convenient general bioassay for active plant constituents. Planta medica, 45(05), 31-34. https://doi.org/ 10.1055/s-2007-971236
Muzahid, A. A., Sharmin, S., Hossain, M. S., Ahamed, K. U., Ahmed, N., Yeasmin, M. S., Ahmed, N. U., Saha, B. K., Rana, G. M., Maitra, B. & Bhuiyan, M. N. H. (2023). Analysis of bioactive compounds present in different crude extracts of Benincasa hispida and Cucurbita moschata seeds by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Heliyon, 9(1), e12702. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12702
Nabi, M., Tabassum, N., & Ganai, B. A. (2022). Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Skimmia anquetilia NP Taylor and Airy Shaw: A first study from Kashmir Himalaya. Frontiers in plant science, 13, 937946. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.937946
Nvau, J. B., Oladosu, P. O., & Orishadipe, A. T. (2011). Antimycobacterial evaluation of some medicinal plants used in plateau State of Nigeria for the treatment of tuberculosis. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 2(9), 1270-1272. https://doi.org/10.5251/abjna.2011.2.9.1270.1272
Olaoluwa O.O., Ibeh, E., Taiwo O.M., Adeyemi M. and Flamini G. (2022). Essential Oil Characterization and Biological Activities of Millettia thonningii (Schumach. & Thonn.) Baker Leaf, Stem and Root. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 25(4), 888-898. https://doi.org/ 10.1080/0972060X.2022.2124126
Olaoluwa, O. O., Taiwo O. M., Obameso F. C., Bioku S. B. (2021). Phytochemical Screening, Quantitative Analysis and Biological activities of Ficus recurvata (De Wildeman). Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences: Section B, 11(3), 502-513. https://doi.org/ 10.24214/jcbps.B.11.3.50213.
Patrice, M. B. A., Yves, K. Y., François, K. Y. K., & Blaise, K. (2024). Phytochemistry and Evaluation of Acute Toxicity of Aqueous and Hydroethanolic Extracts of Pavetta Corymbosa Leaves (Rubiaceae). Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry, 14(3), 56-60. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrb/2024/v14i3287
Plant of the World Online (POWO). Royal Botanical Garden Kew Science. Pavetta corymbosa (DC.) FN Williams. Available online: https://powo.science.kew.org (accessed on 17 February, 2026)
Prasad, I. K., & Bisht, G. (2011). Evaluation of Nutritive, Antioxidant and Mineral Composition Of. Research Journal of Phytochemistry, 5(1), 54-59. https://doi.org/ 10.3923/rjphyto.2011.54.59
Rao, A., Padmashree, M.S. & Naika, R. (2020). Physico-chemical parameters and nutritive value of Pavetta crassicaulis Bremek and Olea dioica Roxb. collected from Western Ghats region of Karnataka. Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, 10(3), 200-209.
Starlin, T., Prabha, P. S., Thayakumar, B. K. A., & Gopalakrishnan, V. K. (2019). Screening and GC-MS profiling of ethanolic extract of Tylophora pauciflora. Bioinformation, 15(6), 425- 429. https://doi.org/10.1016/10.6026/97320630015425
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2026.152.1863-1872
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2026 Samuel Akinniyi Odewo, Olayombo Margaret Banwo
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry |
|
